Being Self-Employed vs. Working for Someone Else

Being self-employed vs. working for someone else Self-employment and working for someone else has many of the same benefits and disadvantages. Although self-employment will allow a person to be his or her own boss and have endless financial possibilities, it also can be harder than working for someone else. Just because a person is able to work for their self, it does not mean that it will be any easier than working for someone else or even be more successful. Self-employment allows individuals to create his or her own schedule, allowing flexibility in the time that will be spent working.The flexible schedule of a self-employed individual is a good benefit. However in order to be successful at it, a lot of time has to be invested in it. If time is not put into the job, it will be difficult to maintain it. Having a flexible schedule allows the individual to have more time at home and also enable’s the person to work the hours convenient for their schedule. People normally find it easier to be self-employed because they feel that the freedom of working whenever they want or feel the need to may make the individual feel like they have power and authority they would not have working under a supervisor.However, good time management is essential to for self-employment. It is imperative that a person who is self-employed manages their time wisely and maintains themselves organized. It may take some time to get organized properly, but if the person practices how to best maintain organization with time, they will eventually come up with a work routine that best fits their work. Discipline is the key to being self-employed. If not, they run the risk of disorganization to the point where they will no longer be able to run their business or continue with their work.Without discipline and disorganization, the chances of financial success will be slim. Self-employment can be a financial success. There is the possibility of living very well when owning a business or si mply just work on your own. It also depends on what type of business or career path the person chooses in order to work for them selves. A person must consider that there are sometime’s many cost’s in initiating a self-owned business. Maybe start-up materials, hardware and financial management software to keep track of finances will often be needed when a person is self-employed.Organization and financial responsibility is crucial when owning a business or being self-employed. If the person that is self-employed does not manage money well, they run the risk of losing their business due to mismanagement. This will be a great disadvantage because not only is the person not able to be self-employed but they might have been out of the work field for a long time and did not gain much experience in a field that they would go out and try to work in after they figure out that working for themselves is not going to work for them.When the person tries to find a job and the hirin g manager sees how long they have been out of work and not enough experience, they may be hesitant to hire the individual. Working at a place of employment for someone else also has many benefits. For the most part, the employee will have a set schedule weekly and the employee will have to follow that schedule. Normal business hours are 8:00 a. m. to 5:00 p. m. unless of course the person works part-time, they work at a restaurant, a retail location, or maybe just a job that will schedule the employee when they are needed.In this case however, the employee does not set their own schedule, their supervisor, or boss will be responsible for that. There is not much flexibility with the schedules at a place of employment. While working for someone else, he or she is normally working under someone that they need to answer to and flexibility is very rare in the corporate world. A supervisor however, will take any time off needed as in vacation time, personal and sick time. Employees are en titled to the time off when working at a place of employment.Depending on the work field and if the individual is a full-time or part-time employee, the time off will be paid by the employer. The rate of pay at work place may not always be what the employee needs or is looking for. It could just be enough to make ends meet but it can also be exactly what the individual is looking for. Many companies require college degrees in order to make what the individual needs or should make with regards to their salary. Along with having a college degree, experience is absolutely necessary to earn top dollar.A degree does not necessarily mean that a person will be the most qualified to do the job but it does give the hiring employer that the employee they are considering has a sense of discipline, responsibility and knowledge that comes from a person with a college degree. Without the requirements, it will not be easy to obtain the type of salary the person wants. There are instances where eve n if the person meet’s the requirement’s needed to obtain a high or decent salary, some small companies are not able to pay these high salaries even if they wanted to.That is when individual either settle for what they are offered, continue searching for a job that meet’s their expectations, or become self-employed. Being self employed vs. working for someone else has many of the same advantages and disadvantages. To be self-employed, an individual needs to make sure they are organized and are prepared for the overhead cost’s that come with either owning a business or possibly just providing for your self and not having to answer to someone else. Working for someone else is not bad.A person has to be prepared and make every effort they need to in order to be successful at their place of employment. People in life have to make choice with regards to their careers. Do they work for themselves or do they work for someone else? In the end, he or she must choo se what makes the most sense and what he or she will know they can handle or not. Just because someone works for themselves, it does not necessarily mean that it will be easy. It can be just as hard as working for someone else.

Crisis Intervention Essay

PART 2: Application of Crisis Assessment & Intervention Skills 1. Tour 1st task of this qn is to comprehend the given case scenario below: Kelvin & Lemmy just celebrated their 10th weding anniversary. Lemmy was 39yrs old and expecting her 1st baby. She and her 41yrs old husband Kelvin were eagerly waiting the birth of their child. The child was also the 1st grandchild in the family on both sides At 17 weeks she went to her pediatrician for a scheduled check up. Subsequent to an examination and ultrasound examination, she learnt that the baby had died. She was thrown into a state of shock, simultaneously both angry and sad and cried uncontrollably. You were being called in to talk to Lemmy. 2. U r to use the 6-step crisis intervention model together with other aspects we have covered thus far. 3. The various steps must be clearly indicated in your ans 4. Pay close attention to demonstrating ur understanding of all the elements of the ci model including appropriate use of Triage Assessment System, Worker’s Continuum, Suicide Risk Assessment, The Crisis Trigger and the likely meaning that might be attached to the triggering event 5. When addressing step 4, 5 & 6 pls keep in mind the distinction between intervention in crisis state, as opposed to intervention when the client is stable and mobile(i. e. counseling). I will need to see that u hav a plan that focuses on immediate action aimed at restoring mobility & stability, not one which target long term decision making & personal change

Diversity at Deloitte – Plans and Policies

When talking about equality opportunities implemented by companies, we can make a differentiation between two different models, the liberal and the radical one. The liberal model, described by Jewson and Mason, is emphasized on a philosophy of â€Å"sameness†, where people should have access to and be assessed within the workplace as individuals, regardless of social category. In the other hand, the radical approach is focused on a â€Å"positive discrimination† where employment practices are deliberately manipulated in order to obtain a fair distribution of those disadvantaged groups in the workplace, and it is also focused in achieving not only equality of opportunity but also equality of outcome. Considering this differentiation referring to the equalities of opportunities implemented by companies, we can see that Deloitte have a liberal approach in their policies, as they have created different programmes to make possible a equal treatment within the company instead of creating discriminatory policies, and, as for the outcome aspect, we haven't been able to find information about what is Deloitte's policy in that matter. Gender and Diversity management at Deloitte addresses the needs of a diverse workforce in regards to gender, sexual orientation, physical ability, ethnicity and national origin by offering programs to that specifically support these groups both internally and externally. The importance of diversity management at the firm is seen through the commitment placed on creating organizational structure, practices, policies, management and financial investment or partnerships that supports diversity. Deloitte’s annual diversity plan and the commitment to place diversity as the top priority on board meeting agenda’s is allowing the company to live and breathe its vision statement, which is: â€Å" to be recognized internally and externally as a diversity leader, to have leadership that represents the overall labour market, diversity management will be a core leadership competency and a business imperative, talent process will reflect ‘best-in-class’ diversity sensitive processes† (Deloitte, Diversity annual report). To achieve this vision, Deloitte has created a national Diversity council comprised of senior management across Canada which meets ten times per year to set goals and assess the progress of current policies and practices at the firm (Deloitte, Valuing Differences). To ensure the success of these initiatives they have created a diversity accountability framework to guide and incent progress. One of Deloitte’s most recognized and progressive steps towards diversity management have been the appointment of their Chief Diversity Officer, Jane Allen. Some key diversity practices within the firm includes; the creation of people networks, diversity calendar, the Diversity Matters blog, their Diversity Round table, a bias awareness toolkit as well as corporate sponsorship and partnerships. Deloitte’s people networks aim to connect like-minded people within the firm to act as mentors and support networks. The creation of the Diversity Calendar was a part of a firm wide communications campaign to communicate the diversity visions and goals for the year. Read also Analyze the Ways in Which British Imperial Policies The calendar was a huge success, receiving over 4000 downloads (Deloitte, Valuing Differences). The firm has also leveraged social networking tools with the creation of a Diversity Matters blog where employees can speak with the Chief Diversity Officer directly. Moreover, the Diversity Round table was created as an initiative to discuss the issues affecting people with disabilities an addition to Deloitte’s corporate sponsorship of the Vancouver 2010 Olympic and Paralympic Winter games. The bias awareness toolkit is used to educate managers on a range of topics including common stereotypes. It is used in conjunction with mid-year and year end reviews in addition to the policy of employees and partners setting a personal diversity goal for their year plan. Finally, Deloitte sponsors a number of organizations that share their interest and commitment to strengthening an inclusive workplace through programs, and research. These activities give their professionals opportunities to gain knowledge and expand their networks and also provide them with another way to attract new talent. As part of these relationships, they help fund research and programs that build community and support career development for people of diverse backgrounds. Some examples of current sponsorships include: DiversityInc DiversityInc is a prime source for best practices and solutions to workplace diversity related challenges. The sponsorship makes it possible to expand the recruiting efforts as well as demonstrate the commitment to diversity in the marketplace. In addition, Deloitte leverages DiversityInc’s benchmarking data and analysis to increase awareness of the most progressive strategies companies and firms are employing, so that it can continue to be a true diversity leader. Working Mother Media Working Mother Media is solely focused on the challenges and tradeoffs that can impact working mothers and women of color. From their magazine to their robust website and inspiring conferences, Working Mother is a key resource for Deloitte to better understand these challenges and provide opportunities for people to leverage these resources. Deloitte is also an ongoing, premiere sponsor of the Working Mother Multicultural Women’s conference, as well as a sponsor of the Working Mother 100 Best Work Life Congress. | | These policies and practices are just the beginning of a web of more specific gender and diversity policies targeted to specific minority groups. Overview of Policies & Practices: For Women: Deloitte supports female employees through Canadian Women's Initiative Network (canWin), which offers mentoring and networking sessions, awards to recognize women in leadership roles, support for Career Moms, the Step Up program to support female senior management leadership development, as well as a Women of Influence Luncheon Series. For Parents: Deloitte’s parental leave guide offers a generous adoption subsidy for new parents and provides maternity top-up payments for new mothers (to 100% of salary for 17 weeks). It also provides a variety of alternative work arrangements that help women gradually return to work after maternity leave (Mediacorp). For LBGT: Deloitte`s Lesbian Bisexual Gay and Transgendered people network is a sponsor and participant in the â€Å"Out on Bay St. † career fair and conference for LGBT professionals. They also work to raise awareness facing Lesbian Bisexual Gay and Transgendered people in the workforce. For those with Disabilities: Deloitte is partnered with the Progress Place community organization which provides temporary, six-month transitional positions for persons recovering from mental illness to help them gain the confidence to reintegrate into the workforce (Mediacorp). For Aboriginals: Deloitte is a member of the Canadian Aboriginal and Minority Supplier Council, which connects Aboriginal owned businesses to corporate supply chains. The company also hosted an Indigenous Youth Gathering, leading sessions focused on leadership and career counselling. For Immigrants and new Canadians: Deloitte is a corporate sponsor of Assisting Local Leaders with Immigrant Employment Strategies and a partner with Toronto Regional Immigrant Employment Council that helps new immigrants navigate job search. Deloitte has created a guidebook for employers on hiring immigrants and has created an in-house mentorship program that pairs new Canadian employees with over 100 firm mentors. Part of Deloitte`s success in achieving their successful diversity management strategy is in part, due to their ability to define a business care for diversity. Their view is that diversity will lead to better work results, greater innovation as well as opportunities to work with a variety of clients. As their clients globalize they will expect Deloitte`s teams to have a global perspective. Teams that reflect this growing diversity will enhance their reputation in the business community (Deloitte, Valuing Differences). In addition to the ability to use diversity to attract the top talent, Deloitte has also founded a Women as Buyers pilot program which examines the difference in women`s buying approach when it comes to professional services. Understanding the differences in why women choose certain professional service providers over others, especially as more women take on leadership roles, will be essential to the success of the company in the future. Not only has Deloitte set outstanding policies and practices on diversity management, but they are also committed to continually measuring and monitoring the success of the policies. They currently use a scorecard to track the company`s progress in areas of recruitment, partner admissions, promotions and turnover (Deloitte, Diversity annual report). In the future, Deloitte`s Strategic Plan for 2014 will focus on providing more development opportunities, increasing their knowledge on diversity, tracking progress toward achieving their vision and keeping diversity top of mind and leading their agenda.

OPENING DOORS A study of the Read To A Child program in the South Bend Essay

OPENING DOORS A study of the Read To A Child program in the South Bend School Corporation - Essay Example It is unfortunate that 40 percent of all nine-year-olds score below the basic level on the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP).Moreover, there is a continuing gap between white students and African-American and Hispanic students. While 69 percent of African-American and 64 percent of Hispanic students scored below basic in 1994, only 31 percent of white fourth graders did. This is caused due to various socio-economic conditions coupled with lack of background knowledge of phonemes or speech sounds to the children belonging to this community. This is the reason that several ambitious projects aimed at enabling a child to read at grade level have been initiated both by the government ('No Child Left Behind' and 'America Reads') and volunteering agencies. One such project initiated by South Bend Community School Corporation is "Read to a Child Program" with a mission to ensure that a child develop a love for reading and is able to read well and independently by the end of the third grade. Reading is not developmental or natural, but is learned and requires a lot of practice, caring environment, background knowledge and motivation not only to be provided by the school but also by all the care-givers, parents, grand- parents, relatives, other community members and volunteers. Children who fall behind at an early age (K and grade 1) fall further and further behind over time. Longitudinal studies show that of the children who are diagnosed as reading disabled in third grade, 74% remain disabled in ninth grade (Fletcher, et al., 1994; Shaywitz, Escobar, Shaywitz, Fletcher, & Makuch, 1992; Stanovich, 1986; Stanovich & Siegel, 1994). Treatment intervention research done at The National Institute of Child Health and Development (NICHD) educational research program has shown that appropriate early direct instruction seems to be the best medicine for reading problem. The purpose of providing extra instructional time is to help children achieve levels of literacy that will enab le them to be successful through their school careers and beyond. This paper is meant to study the policies and practices and strategies being employed towards the target of achieving proficiency in reading by our young readers both by the government and volunteering agencies especially in South Block Community School Organization and how effective they have been in achieving the task at hand and what further improvement in the strategies and practices and learning designs are called for in order to make the programs more effective. Located in north-central Indiana, South Bend Community School Corporation is St. Joseph county's oldest and largest school corporation, and the fourth largest school corporation in Indiana and apart from traditional students, it caters to the needs of a significant number of special needs students and students coming from different ethnic background , resultantly the achievement gaps which are differences in the levels of learning among different demographic student subgroups because of their socio-economic conditions and exist nationally, are much wider here than anywhere else. The challenge of bringing these students at par with other students of the same

GLOBAL STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

GLOBAL STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT - Essay Example The second component would be economic, which encompasses cost of production, currency exchange rates, and cost of capital. The third component is the social environment, which encompasses social change and global convergence. The fourth component is the technological environment, which encompasses global technology scanning and technology clusters and the spread of the Internet (Mellahi, 2005, pp. 37-49). Furthermore, another way of analyzing it would be examining the external environment according to Porter’s Five Forces. These forces would be 1) rivalry – how intense is the rivalry/competition among the firms in the industry? 2) buyers – how much power do buyer have? What can be done to neutralize their power? 3) new entrants – how easy or difficult is it to enter the industry? How can entry barriers be erected? 4) suppliers - How much power do suppliers have? What accounts for their power? What can be done to neutralize their power? and 5) substitutes - are there substitute products or services? What effect do these substitutes have? (Ungson & Wong, 2008, p. 59). For the PEST analysis, it is clear that one of the external drivers for this business is the global recession. ... Therefore, the buyers for the products will have more leverage to negotiate. Moreover, this also plays into Porter’s five forces at the supplier level. Weak economies would indicate that suppliers will not have as much power as in a good economy, due to the fact that buyers have more power. Thus, in these economies that are weak, Air Products will also be weak. This is shown in the fact that Air Products is facing pricing pressures, and there is excess in the manufacturing facilities, unanticipated contract terminations and project delays. Moreover, there is competition and the inability of the company to compete effectively, which affects sales and financial performance. This plays into the economic aspect of the PEST analysis and the rivalry arm of the Porter’s five forces analysis. The reason why this implicates the economic aspect of the PEST analysis is that the economics of the different countries is the reason for the inability to compete, and rivalry because riv alry with other countries is the external driver that is implicated by the competition. Also implicated in Porter’s Five Forces is the threat of substitutes, for these rivals might produce products that can be a substitute for the products Air Products produces, and these substitutes might be less expensive, which would further cut into Air Products’ market share. The other external force is the fact that there is a shortage of raw materials, and there are increased costs in energy sources. This implicates the economic end of the PEST analysis, because one of the aspects of the economic end of the PEST analysis is the cost of production. Obviously, a shortage of raw materials or the fact that these raw materials are increasing in price affects the cost of production.

A critical review of the literature. has E-prescribing reduced Essay

A critical review of the literature. has E-prescribing reduced medication errors in inpatient settings in England - Essay Example The central role ÃŽ ¿f the physician is the provision ÃŽ ¿f care to individual patients. This process centres around the consultation between the physician and the patient. This process requires and generates information, historically recorded on a paper based medium. The limitations ÃŽ ¿f paper records as a standard repository ÃŽ ¿f information, is universally recognized as lacking the dynamic which electronic data medium promise: in effect, paper strangles the process ÃŽ ¿f delivering timely high quality health-care delivery. So what’s wrong with a medical system based on paper? Paper gets lost, degrades, and no matter how voluminous, paper files are limited in the quality and quantity ÃŽ ¿f data they contain@ (Scalet, 2003). From the viewpoint mainstream medicine, IT has long offered the promise ÃŽ ¿f significant improvements supporting the business ÃŽ ¿f provider operations. An inventory ÃŽ ¿f situational experiences, passive inquiry ÃŽ ¿f physicians, collateral health-care providers, and review ÃŽ ¿f literature, identified the following business support opportunities recognized secondary to the effective use ÃŽ ¿f IT: Promises ÃŽ ¿f transformation through IT have reverberated through my decade long career in health care. Yet, progress to date has been slow. The Institutes ÃŽ ¿f Medicine’s 2001 report bemoaned the fact that AIT has barely touched patient care,@ as evidenced by the storage ÃŽ ¿f the vast majority ÃŽ ¿f clinical information in paper form@ (as cited in Fromberg, 2003). Analysis ÃŽ ¿f passive inquiry and observation ÃŽ ¿f physicians, collateral health-care providers, and review ÃŽ ¿f literature, buttresses a frequently voiced sentiment: Electronic medical records, and increased IT applications, should top hospital CIO=s agendas because they can prevent errors, enforce standards, make staff more efficient, simplify record keeping and improve patient care. However, the current reality experienced by the author ÃŽ ¿f this essay,

Finance and Accounting Assignment Research Paper

Finance and Accounting Assignment - Research Paper Example Irrespective of such disruptions, in the year 2011, Ford completed its consecutive three years of earning profit in relation to its operating costs and, therefore, announced the payment of dividends to its valued shareholders in five years, which, in turn, has significantly motivated the company to preserve its financial efficiencies in the long run (Ford Motor Company). Thesis Statement The report will analyze various divisions and departments of Ford where costs are allocated currently. Furthermore, it will provide recommendations based on the importance of divisions and departments about effective allocation of costs. Allocation of Costs The automobile industry is facing continuous challenges due to the increasing fuel prices, uncertain economic conditions prevailing in the international arena, rising commodity prices and the growing need to reduce CO2 emissions in order to protect the environment. Thus, Ford has been allocating huge amount of revenues to the Research and Developm ent (R&D) department in order to develop best-in-class vehicles that will provide superior quality, efficient fuel economy, safety, value for money and attractive design which best satisfies the consumer preferences. Furthermore, the company has been doubling its investment in innovating advanced technologies in order to maintain a high degree of competitive edge over its global competitors (Ford Motor Company). Although the automobile industry is facing fierce competition due to the presence of large number of competitors, Ford can utilize its brand recognition and strong financial resources to expand its global presence and increase the volume of sales. Sudden shifts in demand have also been identified, from hybrid cars to small cars due to the non-availability of parking spaces and traffic congestions. Thus, the sudden increase in demands disrupted the process of production as the company had to make major changes in order to shift its manufacturing concentration solely to small cars segment. Furthermore, the introduction of advanced technologies has emerged as a growing trend among the car manufacturing companies across the globe. Thus, Ford should emphasize more on its technology development department in order to introduce unique technologies integrated with modern vehicles: parking assistance, car tracking device and GPRS among others (Ford Motor Company). Moreover, the company can invest its capital for expanding its production facilities in countries where Ford’s market share is considerably lower than that of other car companies even though the markets are promising. Hence, the establishment of manufacturing units will lower the logistics costs and enable the company to have greater profit margins. Furthermore, the company may allocate additional funds to the marketing segment in order to promote the uniqueness of its technologies. Notably, the recovery of the global economy from the financial downturn has provided consumers around the world w ith an increasing purchase power, which has been reflected through the increased demand across the globe. People are comfortable in spending money for luxurious products, especially those with integrated technologies which have not been introduced earlier (Humphrey and Memedovic). Benefits of

From washington's farewell address warning against getting involved in Essay

From washington's farewell address warning against getting involved in foreign entanglements to the Monroe Doctrine to Theod - Essay Example They were not the only presidents to do this. In later times, at least three Cold War era presidents also followed this course, including Harry S. Truman, Dwight D. Eisenhower and John F. Kennedy. Nor did it end with the conclusion of the Cold War. Barack Obama himself has embraced this policy of implied force as a central theme of his policy. As will be seen, this overriding theme of implied force is the definitive common denominator of all presidential decision-making in foreign policy. Five sources were consulted in the preparation of this paper, and all proved invaluable in the development of one’s understanding of this topic. Harry Ammon provided a critical background for the analysis of James Monroe’s famous doctrine of 1823 as a major departure point for American external policies. Harlow Giles Unger took a somewhat dissenting view from the conventional view that the Europeans had a distinct advantage over the fledgling American republic, and notes that the Ameri cans were stronger at that time than usually given credit for, a surprising position indeed! Former senator Cary Hart of Colorado has the unique insider’s perspective as a practicing politician in the halls of power for many years. Although a seasoned practitioner, Hart is no intellectual lightweight. He holds a doctorate and has lectured at Yale, Oxford and other hallowed institutions. Aida Donald offers keen insights into the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine, and helps to elevate Roosevelt in historical stature. Louis Auchincloss, an authoritative Roosevelt biographer, establishes the basic thread of continuity between Monroe and Roosevelt, the two presidents emphasized here. James Monroe seemed marked out by destiny to be a diplomat. A protege of Thomas Jefferson and James Madison, fellow Virginians and his immediate forerunners as presidents, Monroe apprenticed himself as a minister to foreign powers. What bothered him from an early date, however, was the comple te lack of respect he encountered toward American diplomats and his beloved country. He felt that America should be taken more seriously as an emerging power in its own right, and he was determined to gain that respect. When he became president, Monroe continued to be influenced by Jefferson and Madison. Britain, Spain and Russia proved particularly worrisome to him. Jefferson had cautioned him against entanglements with European powers—echoing Washington—but Monroe had some ideas of his own about diplomacy. Apparently, as early as March 1822, Monroe was disturbed by European expansion into Latin America (Ammon 476-481). He was already toying with the notion of an â€Å"American system† by that date, so it was not surprising that he went before Congress in December 1823 with the address that would come to be known as the â€Å"Monroe Doctrine†, but only after 1850. This policy, now so familiar to posterity, was only part of Monroe’s unique position in American history. He may be credited with being America’s first â€Å"national security president† (Hart 114). He had already fortified America’s northern border with Canada and taken other measures deemed appropriate for security purposes, so it was but a small leap for him to

The future of RFID protocols Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The future of RFID protocols - Essay Example In terms of necessity, each input assigned to an RFID protocol can be acquired from computations that can only be conducted by parallel RFID tags partaking in the evidence (Peris-Lopez et al., 2011, p. 843). This ability will assure the interconnection of the tokens produced in the course of the evidence, which only the verifier can terminate within a given period. RFID tags should entail different, untraceable, and masked identifiers during every protocol implementation process (Srivastava, n.d., p. 4). Including arbitrary figures appears suitable for developing privacy-secured identifiers although it does not assure immunity against privacy hacks for suggested RFID protocols. RFID protocols should have supreme matching capabilities. For instance, when RFID tags are unable to authenticate their fitting in a certain group, separate tags can be members of a proof. As a result, only the verifier would detect the tags’ failure when sent the evidence (Peris-Lopez et al., 2011, p. 843). RFID protocols should also use encoded versions of timestamps. Verifiers should compute secure timestamps using their abiding secret input. I think a future that employs these potentials of RFID protocols will see a rise in â€Å"smart† products and smarter electronics. For instance, RFID protocols that reach these potentials should be able to tag smart clothes or machines at a store (Srivastava, n.d., p. 9). Peris-Lopez, P, Orfila, A, Hernandez-Castro, JC, van der Lubbe, JCA 2011, ‘Flaws on RFID grouping-proofs. Guidelines for future sound protocols,’ Journal of Network and Computer Applications, vol. 34, pp.

Capital Crime in an Incident of Mass Shooting Essay

Capital Crime in an Incident of Mass Shooting - Essay Example It was broadly anticipated that his attorneys would try defending him by entering a diminished capacity plea. However, in the preliminary hearing, they said they needed more time because they were not yet ready to enter such a plea yet (Ingold 2). A plea of diminished capacity is a defense excuse in which the accused agrees to have broken the law but argues that they cannot be fully liable of the crime due to compromised, diminished or impaired mental functionality (Mandery 45). According to Bronner (1), Holmes’ attorneys said in the preliminary hearing that they required more time to review and peruse the huge pile of documentation regarding the case. The presiding Judge in the preliminaries, William Blair Sylvester of Colorado State District Court, also wary of moving the case too fast due to the possibility of eventual appeal that could gather its support from the manner in which the case was handled agreed to a later date rather than proceeding with the arraignment. After the attorney of the accused claimed that Holm was unprepared to enter any plea on March 12, 2013, the Colorado judge entered the not guilty plea (Ingold 2). According to Ingold (2), two weeks later on March 12, the accused attorneys communicated their intention of pleading guilty in order to avoid the death penalty. On the next day, the prosecutors said that they would not accept that offer. Therefore, on 2013 June 4, Holmes pleaded not guilty on the grounds of insanity. The judg e accepted this plea thereafter scheduling the trial for 2014 October. Considering the whole matter from Holmes’ attorney point of perception there are two options for his defendant. His client may plead diminished capacity or he may plead insanity, which he already has. Diminished capacity, which was a possibility in the early stages of the case is now not an option for the defense team.  

Offshore Outsourcing in Service Sector Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Offshore Outsourcing in Service Sector - Essay Example This essay stresses that  firms face complex decisions as they outsource reorganize the value chains as offshore outsource some activities. The firms consider the cost reduction, standardisation of product quality, human capital and risks involved in reorganizing their value chains. The reorganization of value chains have tended to retain the knowledge oriented skills in the industrialised nations while the lower value added functions are transferred to developing or less advanced countries. Certain industries demonstrate ‘path dependent’ tendencies towards concentration of the processes and people in certain localities of the advanced countries such as the Silicon Valley in California.As the paper highlights  the geographical concentration is driven by the access to talented software engineers and programmers. The proximity to large pool of sophisticated users also driven the locality concentration of such firms. The firms have realised the economic gains of geograp hically separating the programming functions to lower cost countries overseas while the introduction of networked computer terminals have added more impetus for relocation of the routine functions.  Offshoring software development in Ukraine is driven by the culture of research and availability of highly talented personnel due to reliance of IT technologies. The increased competitiveness has forced firms to reengineer in order to seek new knowledge and arbitrage costs.

Determining the identity of an organic unknown Essay Example for Free

Determining the identity of an organic unknown Essay When supplied with a organic unknown there are many ways of determining its identity and it is important to use as much information as can be gained to work out the identity of an unknown as many are very similar in physical properties, chemical properties and/or chemical make up. In this experiment I will be using a flow chart to identify the functional group that the unknowns contain, and once I have suggested this I will then use spectra given to me to determine what the identity of the organic unknown is. I have been told that the organic unknown, will one of the following functional groups: Alcohols Probably the most common of these functional groups is the -OH group, which is known as the hydroxyl group. It is NOT the hydroxide ion, OH1-, as it does not have a charge. The dash in front of the OH stands for a single covalent bond, which is what will be formed between the oxygen and a carbon atom. An aliphatic hydrocarbon that has one hydroxyl group attached to a carbon is called an alcohol. The simplest alcohol is methyl alcohol, or methanol. The molecular formula is usually written as CH3OH, because it gives more of a picture of the actual structure than does CH4O. This way of writing the formula becomes more important as the number of carbons increases. Take the case of ethyl alcohol, or ethanol. The parent compound is ethane, so the formula is C2H6O, but C2H5OH gives specific information that the compound is an alcohol and not any other compound. Phenol Colourless solid, partially miscible in the cold water, soluble in organic solvents. Differ in many ways to aliphatic alcohols. Like alcohols contain -O-H group but also a benzene ring. The difficulty in substituting the -OH group is due to the stabilisation caused by the overlap of the p-orbital of the oxygen atom with the bonding in the ring. The situation is similar to that in chlorobenzene. Phenols have many chemical properties i) Acid-base properties Phenol is a stronger acid than water whereas aliphatic alcohols are weaker. The polarity of the hydroxyl bond facilitates the loss of a proton and the formation of a phenoxide ion and the delocalisation in the phenoxide ion also stabilises it as compared with RO- or OH- ions. If electron-withdrawing groups (-Cl) are substituted into the benzene ring the polarity of the O-H bond is increased still further giving still stronger acids. Aldehydes A new class of substituted hydrocarbons arises when an oxygen atom is double bonded to the carbon at the end of the chain. In this case there are two less hydrogen atoms, so instead of three end hydrogens, there is the C=O and only one hydrogen. The simplest aldehyde is, formaldehyde, CH2O. Its IUPAC name is methanal. It has an -al ending as opposed to the -ol ending that alcohols have. These compounds show the generic formula, H-R=O. Ketones A different class of organic compounds results if the C=O occurs somewhere along the chain other than on the end carbon. The simplest ketone has three carbons. It has the common name acetone, and is in most fingernail polishes and removers. It is sometimes called dimethyl ketone, but is more properly called propanone. Break apart the name to see how the name propanone gives a better picture of the compounds formula than does acetone. Â  First of all, the propan- indicates that the parent hydrocarbon is propane, and thus has three carbons. Second, the ending -one goes along with the ending of the name of the class of compounds to which it belongs, ketones. The generic formula for ketones is R-C=O(-R). Carboxylic acids Carboxylic acids have a more complex functional group, and if you look at it, you can see both the C=O of the aldehyde and the -OH of the alcohol. The organic, or carboxyl group, is -C=O(-OH), often written as COOH, or even CO2H. Organic acids may have more than one carboxyl group. The simplest organic acid is methanoic acid, CHOOH, or formic acid, to use the older name. Ants inject formic acid into their victim whem they bite them. The next in line is, of course, ethanoic acid, CH3COOH. Notice the ending, -oic, to the IUPAC name, and -ic, to the common name. There are some very important organic acids, and one of the most important is ascorbic acid, better known as Vitamin C. The generic formula is R-(COOH)x Why are these compounds acids? Well, they must be able to produce at least one hydrogen ion when they are put into solution, since that is the general definition for an acid. Even though these organic acids may contain quite a few hydrogen atoms in the molecule, only select hydrogens are able to be ionized or turned into hydrogen ions. These select hydrogens are those in the carboxyl group (-COOH) The presence of one or more of these groups, therefore, causes the compound to belong to the organic acids. Ester An ester results when there is an oxygen atom between two carbons in the chain. The simplest is dimethyl ester, which has the same molecular formula as ethanol. The way the formula is written to show the ester, rather than the alcohol, is CH3OCH3. There are two other esters of interest, ethylmethyl ester and diethyl ester. You should be able to write the formulas for each of these. Esters are represented as R-O-R, where R and R can be the same or different hydrocarbon units. Method Apparatus i 10 cm3 measuring cylinder i Teat pipette i Test tubes i Electric hotplate Reagents i Bromine water i 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine i Tollens reagent i Aqueous sodium carbonate i Lime water i Acidified potassium dichromate Only small volumes of the unknown compound need to be used in each test as they are in a pure form. Therefore I will only use 3cm3 of each reagent and the unknown compound. Test for presence of alcohol:An oxidation reaction must take place. Mix equal volumes (3cm3) of dilute sulphuric acid and potassium dichromate solution. Then add the same volume of the unknown to it. If the solution turns from orange to green then a primary or secondary alcohol group is present. Test for presence of a carbonyl group: A condensation reaction takes place. 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine solution is added to the sample, if the solution turns into an orange precipitate then a carbonyl compound is present. Test to distinguish between a ketone and an aldehyde: An oxidation reaction takes place. Add a small volume of sodium hydroxide solution to 3cm3 of silver nitrate solution until a slight precipitate forms, than add ammonia solution dropwise until the precipitate dissolves. Then add a few drops of the unknown sample and warm in a water bath. If a silver mirror forms, then the compound has an aldehyde functional group. Test for presence of carboxylic acid: An acid / base reaction occurs. Aqueous sodium carbonate solution is added to the sample. If effervescence occurs and the gas evolved is carbon dioxide (test gas by bubbling into lime water) then a carboxylic acid group is present. Test for presence of phenol: A substitution reaction occurs. Bromine water is added to the sample and if a phenol group is present then the bromine water decolourises and a white precipitate is formed. Test for ester group: Esters have a distinct fruity smell. There is no simple test to carry out for identifying an ester, so I will determine the sample is an ester by negative results from the previous tests. Saftey Safety is imperative when carrying out experiments in the lab, this is even more true when the identity of a compound is unknown as it could have any dangerous properties, gloves should be used when handling substances and goggles worn, long hair tied back and cuts covered. Flow chart Results of organic tests All organic tests proved negative, apart from the test for an alderhyde although this test did not produce a silver mirror some dark precipitate was formed indicating the likeliness of the presence of an aldehyde. Analysis of spectropic data Conclusion I conclude that the organic unknown is an aldehyde this is because of the results found from the chemical tests performed , the specific aldehyde I believe the unkown to be is benzaldehyde. This is because not only does its physical properties fit those described in text books it also has the right structural formula to fit with the spectropic data provided. benzaldehyde benzaldehyde or benzenecarbonal , C6H5CHO, colourless liquid aldehyde with a characteristic almond odour. It boils at 180i C, is soluble in ethanol, but is insoluble in water. It is formed by partial oxidation of benzyl alcohol, and on oxidation forms benzoic acid. It is called oil of bitter almond, since it is formed when amygdalin, a glucoside present in the kernels of bitter almonds and in apricot pits, is hydrolysed, e. g. , by crushing the kernels or pits and boiling them in water; glucose and hydrogen cyanide (a poisonous gas) are also formed. It is also prepared by oxidation of toluene or benzyl chloride or by treating benzal chloride with an alkali, e.g. , sodium hydroxide. Benzaldehyde is used in the preparation of certain aniline dyes and of other products, including perfumes and flavourings. Evaluation Overall I feel this experiment went very well as I was able to determine both the functional group present and then with the aid of specropic data the exact compound. I carried out the experiment safely following all guideline set in my method. The only test that could have been performed more accurately was the test for an alderhyde that did not produce a silver mirror.

The Atlantic Charter Churchill And Roosevelt Legendary Meeting History Essay

The Atlantic Charter Churchill And Roosevelt Legendary Meeting History Essay August 8, 1941, the crew of Britains newest battleship HMS Prince of Wales was cleaving her way at top-speed through the unrelenting heavy seas of the Atlantic to Placentia Bay, Newfoundland. Onboard this ship is British Prime Minister Sir Winston Churchill, who had made the voyage across the Atlantic where President Roosevelt eagerly awaited the onset of discussions fateful to the outcome of the Second World War. On August 9, 1941, President Roosevelt and Prime Minister Churchill met onboard the American cruiser U.S.S. Augusta anchored off the coast of Newfoundland. The discussion between the two leaders at the meeting would result in a joint declaration called the Atlantic Charter. It promptly created a critical alliance which supported Britain in its fight against the Nazi Regime. Subsequently the agreement established post-war goals for World War II and laid the groundwork for future international peacekeeping organizations. Two years prior to the beginning of World War II in the spring of 1938, German speakers living in the Sudetenland region of Czechoslovakia began favoring for closer ties with Germany. Hitler began to support those requests and favored reclaiming the Sudetenland. He had recently annexed Austria into Germany and the conquest of Czechoslovakia was the next step in his plan of creating a greater Germany (Sep 30, 1938). Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain was intent on averting war, although the Czechoslovak government hoped that Britain and France would offer assistance in the event of a German invasion (Sep 30, 1938). Chamberlain traveled twice to Germany to offer Hitler favorable agreements, but the German chancellor kept increasing his demands (Sep 30, 1938). International tension increased when Hitler began demanding the Sudetenland in Czechoslovakia be under the control of the German government. In an attempt to resolve the crisis, Chamberlain met with the leaders of Germany, France, and Italy in Munich to discuss the terms of handling the Sudetenland. Within the early morning hours of September 30, 1938 Adolf Hitler of Germany, Benito Mussolini of Italy, Èduoard Daladier of France, and Neville Chamberlain of Britain signed the Munich Pact, which sealed the fate of Czechoslovakia, virtually handing it over to Germany in the name of peace (Sep 30, 1938). The Munich Pact sacrificed the autonomy of Czechoslovakia on the pedestal of a very short peace term (Sep 30, 1938). The peace of the world only lasted eleven months before Hitler seized the rest of Czechoslovakia in March of 1939 (Friedrich). In response to Hitlers violation of the Munich Agreement, Britain signed with Poland the Polish-British Common Defense Pact, which guaranteed the integrity of the Polish state. Chamberlains decision to sign Poland after the dismemberment of the Czechoslovak state meant Britain, along with France were committed to protecting a nation where they had no common borders (Invasion of Poland). Reacting to the Anglo-Polish alliance, Hitler negotiated the German-Soviet Pact of August 1939, which made Poland partitioned between the two powers, enabled Germany to invade Poland without Soviet intervention (Invasion of Poland). On September 1, 1939, Germany invaded Poland and later on September 17, 1939, the Soviet Union invaded the eastern part of the coun try. Britain and France, standing by their guarantee declared war against Germany September 3, 1939 (Invasion of Poland). This was the beginning of World War II. The Phony War was the label given to the period of time between September 1939 and 1940 when Britain and France had not fought in combat. For several months, German troops sat and waited while French forces held their defenses (The Finest Hour). The Phony War would come to an end on April 9, 1940 when Hitler began a successful attack on Denmark and Norway. Then on May 10, German troops launched a blitzkrieg attack on the Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg. The German army was quickly advancing across Europe and would soon cross the line of fortifications that protected France. On June 10, 1940, Hitlers armies swept throughout the region of France with Frances defeat only a matter of time, the country fell under Nazi control on June 22 (The Finest Hour). After the fall of France, Prime Minister Churchill faced the possibility of invasion coming from France, across the English Channel. Churchill amassed the British navy to stand between Hitler and England. In an attempt to demolish the Royal navy, Hitler turned to the Luftwaffe, Germanys air force, to destroy Brittans air defenses. The intense attack called the Battle of Britain would continue for three months where day after day as many as a thousand German airplanes dropped bombs within the city of London and Britain (The Finest hour). By the end of 1941, Britain had experienced a shortage of war materials that they were unable to pay for and was fatigued by the constant air raids from the Germans. Churchill, in favor for an alliance with the U.S., tried to communicate with Roosevelt to facilitate the sending of military supplies over to Britain (The Finest hour). Bounded by the Neutrality Act of 1939, the U.S. was not permitted to release arms to any warring country unless on cash and carry terms (Decker and Chiei 2). Without antagonizing the isolationist who wanted to keep the U.S out of international affairs, Roosevelt constructed the Lend-Lease Act, a bill that empowered the president to sell, transfer title to, lend, lease, or dispose of [articles of defense to] the government of any country the President deems vital to the defense of the United States. The Lend-Lease Act provided the British with planes, tanks, guns, artillery, and ammunition without them paying for it. Bypassing the legislation would prove c ritical to sustaining U.S. allies and would be necessary for continued preparation for what appeared to be the inevitable involvement of the U.S. in WWII (Decker and Chiei 2). Throughout 1940 and 1941, Churchill attempted to win the confidence of Americans by demonstrating his trust in them. Roosevelts presidential advisors Averell Harriman and Harry Hopkins were invited by Churchill to meet Britains highest military leaders (The Finest Hour). Broad- ranging talks would consolidate policy during the meetings (Robbins). Outlining his views on strategy to win the American alliance in the war, Churchill reassured his guests that the Japanese would not enter the war until they were sure that we were beaten. They did not want to fight the United States and the British Empire together (qtd. in The Finest Hour). The roaring advance of Hitlers Nazi army had widened the war rapidly and Hitlers attack on Russia had created the need for a Roosevelt-Churchill summit meeting (Robbins). Roosevelt planned for a meeting between the two leaders that was privately held off the coast of Newfoundland. The President objective for the meeting was to cement relations with Britai n and to discuss terms on the Lend-Lease Act. Churchills objective was to draw the U.S. into WWII and secure more help for the British (Behind Closed Doors). Boarding the British battleship HMS Prince of Wales on August 4, 1941, Churchill proceeded on his voyage to meet with the President. Cruising through malignant waters of the Atlantic Ocean filled with enemy submarines and raiders shrugged off the dangers and continued to toil away at official papers and increasing Roosevelts support for the war (Robbins). Churchills departure was kept at utmost secrecy to outmaneuver Hitlers Kriegsmarine. While Churchills whereabouts were kept hidden, however, because the Americans were still at peace, presidential locations were fully located. The White House told the nation that Roosevelt was enjoying a fishing holiday onboard the Presidential yacht Potomac. Once Roosevelt left the surveillance of the nation, he joined the U.S.S Augusta and continued his voyage to Placentia Bay under the shield of planes and destroyers (Robbins). The destiny of the world would depend on the effectiveness of the policies agreed by Winston and Churchill. After the attack on Russia by the Germans on June 22, 1941, Churchill immediately aligned with the Russians and arranged the signing of a pact to provide possible aid. On August 9, 1941, Churchill met Roosevelt onboard the U.S.S. Augusta, anchored off the coast of Newfoundland in Placentia Bay. This would mark the beginning of high-level collaborations that would continue until the end of the war (The Finest Hour). During the meeting at Newfoundland, there was a discussion on a strategy to block the anticipated military moves of Hitler and Mussolini. Those present at the meeting felt that combined American and British staff had enough to outwit the axis dictators, though a round table alliance was scarcely the type of structure Hitler was likely to employ with Rome and Tokyo (Robbins). Future moves for the war were coordinated at the meeting to ensure that Hitlers despotism was destroyed. The issue of the Far East and Japan had to be taken care of, also including the issue of Vichy France and the best means of keeping the French battleships out of German hands (Robbins). The stature of the meeting was manifest in the way the two leaders came together for Sunday service on the battleship Prince of Wales. A symbolic moment at war took place when military leaders and sailors of both nations mingles together to sing hymns that Churchill had selected (The finest Hour). On the last day of the meeting Roosevelt and Churchill issued the Atlantic Charter, which expressed a commitment to the principles of self governance and freedom for every country, called for the destruction of the Nazi tyranny, and looked forward to free trade, cooperation, and peace among all nations. The post-war goals the leaders discussed became points laid out in the charter that were for the betterment of the world: (1) Countries shall not seek territorial gain, (2) If the citizens or governing government do not approve of territorial gain, then there shall be none, (3) The rights of people should be respected and not deprived from them, (4) Economic prosperity and trade should Endeavour between the two countries, (5) Collaboration between nations of improved labor standards, economic prosperity, and social security, (6) After WWII, hopes to see established worldwide peace and people have the freedom of speech, (7) If such peace is achieved, then people should be able to be fr ee to move around the world without intervention, (8) All the nations of the world should abandon the use of weapons. (Atlantic Charter). In London September 24, 1941, the delegate of the ten allied nations including the Soviet Union proclaimed allegiance to the Atlantic Charter. U.S. neutrality ended December 7, 1941 when Japan attacked Pearl Harbor. Hitler declared war and the U.S. inevitably entered WWII, along with its allies Britain and Russia. During WWII, although Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin were allies, tensions arose between the great three leaders. The glue that held the Anglo-American-Soviet alliance together during the war was the determination to defeat Nazi Germany, fascist Italy, and Japans military government reaching for control of East Asia (Uneasy Allies). The leaders held discreet aims for their respective countries that were in conflict with each other, though by temporary muting their differences they allowed their alliance to survive. Debate arose concerning from the first point of the Atlantic Charter; Countries shall not seek territorial gain. A key issue was Roosevelts mistrust of Britains imperial ambitions. The question was asked Would Britain give up its Nations of Commonwealth in order to comply with the standard of the charter?. Britain had imperialistic motives and Roosevelt did not agree with them, he saw the charter as a solution to end it (BBC). Declarations two and four of the charter lai d the foundations for granting of independence to Britains colonial empire which began as early as 1947. Meanwhile another territorial issue was brewing with one of the Allies. Stalins ideological post-war degrees about control over nations increased tensions between himself and Churchill. At the Teheran meeting, Churchill and Stalin made percentage agreements over how much each nation school control Europe. An agreement was never reached and this has proved to have cause strained tensions against the Soviet Union for attempting to spread communist rule around Eastern Europe (Uneasy Allies). Today, we see proof of the Atlantic Charters lasting impact when people of free nations try and collaborate to try to rescue those victimized by tyrants. The goals laid out by President Roosevelt and Winston Churchill at that diplomatic meeting in August 1941 has laid the foundation of peacekeeping organizations, that strive to keep at equal human rights. Organizations such as the U.N and NATO have sprung from the principles of the charter, created nearly six decades ago, its intent still worthwhile today. The alliance forged at Placentia Bay between two great leaders would prove to be successful in defeating the Nazi Regime and keeping worldwide peace.

A Comparison Of Concrete Steel And Timber Construction Essay

A Comparison Of Concrete Steel And Timber Construction Essay Composite construction is a method whereby a concrete floor slab is utilised as part of the beam system. The slab acts as a concrete flange to the beam. As the beam and slab are of different materials, the size of the concrete flange is scaled down using a modular ratio where the youngs modulus of steel is divided by the youngs modulus of concrete. When these two elements bend, the top of each element is in compression and the bottom in tension. Because the bottom of the concrete is in tension of the top of steel is in compression this causes shear along the interface of the two materials. To overcome this a steel stud is welded through the metal deck. The stud is designed to take the shear force. The composite system consists of a concrete slab cast on profiled steel decking acting compositely with glue-laminated timber beams. Composite action is achieved with coach screw shear connectors between the beams and slab. The connectors have been tested in push out shear tests and a three-point bend test of a full-scale floor slab has been completed. The composite system is more than three times as stiff and almost twice as strong as the same beam/slab configuration without composite action. Richard Persaud, Dr Digby Symons The Structural Engineer 21 February 2006 Euro codes are a full set of structural design codes for building and civil engineering that used across Europe to open up trade boundaries allowing designers, and manufacturers to supply designs and products to other countries across the continent. Conceived over 30 years ago, the Eurocodes are now landing on the desks of engineers, and are expected to be fully adopted in 2010. For this reason, the Eurocodes were used for the design comparisons. In 2004, The Steel Construction Institute published a study comparing the costs and construction programme of various methods of steelwork and concrete framing solutions that reflect modern construction techniques to determine which is the most cost effective. The study looked at two types of buildings, costing and programming each of them. The study also looked at other aspects of the building, which can be affected by the choice of framing solution such as foundations, external elevation treatments and mechanical/electrical services. The study was motivated by the Egan report, which looked at the construction industry and how to lower costs. The report encourages offsite construction to improve speed and quality on site. People are starting to use tree planting as a way of offsetting carbon emissions. This is because of trees absorbing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. One of the problems is that once a tree reaches maturity it stops absorbing CO2, then the next problem is when it dies and decays it starts to release CO2 back into the atmosphere. One solution round this is to store the carbon in materials, by using the timber as a construction material. The way in which timber is used us also key in reducing CO2 emissions. Timber should be dried before it can be used as a material, and it must be. One method is by kiln drying. Kiln drying is an artificial method of drying the timber by heating it up and in turn using fossil fuels, emitting CO2. This defeats the point of the object. The sustainable alternative is to allow the timber to dry naturally under cover. The ideal situation would be for people to use natural unaltered timber and design buildings within its limitations. However, due to human nature and the endeavour to improve, we are going to build higher and wider buildings that are filled with more objects and fewer supports. For this reason, we must come up with more innovative and sustainable solutions to overcome these challenges. We must harness timbers ability to lock CO2 into its structure and adopt methods to manipulate its properties. One of these engineered lumbers is Glue Laminated Timber, commonly abbreviated to Glulam in the industry. Timber in the UK as a building material is widely used, but not so much as for major building components such as beams and columns. In our history, we used to use great oak timbers for roofs and beams, but due to time it takes to grow these massive timbers, it was not long until demand outstripped supply. Moving into the 21st Century with the use of high strength glues, we are able to utilise fast growing tree species and mechanically bonded the timbers to form sizes and strengths that rival the oak timbers. These mechanically glued timbers are referred to as Glued Laminated Timber, which has been abbreviated to Glulam. In sustainability, the social impact on an area cannot be discussed without also discussing the environment and economics. The introduction of an industry can create an economic wealth for the local population that can lift certain areas out of poverty. This can be balanced against the environmental impact on the are by such industries. Industries can create noise and vibration, dust, local climate, ecology, soils, heritage, and archaeology as a by-product of the manufacturing process. Initially I thought that the timber would have a great depth of construction as compared to steel. The depth of steel beams were indeed shallower than the timber beams but because the steel beams require a concrete slab needs to span from beam to beam, the overall construction depth of the steel beam plus the slab is only marginally shallower than the overall timber floor construction. The shallowest overall floor construction is of the concrete flat slab because you do not require a beam as such; the slabs span directly to the columns.

Startup Plan for Wedding Internet Business :: GCSE Business Marketing Coursework

Startup Plan for Wedding Internet Business Frequent Shopper Programs Card Programs, or Frequent Shoppers Programs (FSP) are increasing in supermarkets around the country. FSPs are bringing more consumers into the grocery stores more often and studies show that these cardholders are more likely to spend than non card members. One study shows that over 80% of customers shop less than once a week in the same store. Most consumers have low customer loyalty, so retailers are looking for a way to reward them in order to get them to continually shop in their stores. Retailers are looking for a way to increase their profits by having repeat customers. Studies show that cardholders account for 75% of the stores sales. Main goals of using a FSP are to retain customers, have them visit frequently and spend more money. Targeted demographics for card programs consist of larger, upscale, educated families of three or more. Studies show that the top five reasons for a consumer to choose a retail store are due to: 1). Convenient Location 2.) Store Deals 3.) Frequent Shopper Programs 4.) Assortment of Merchadise 5.) Store Cleanliness Consumers who have cards spend 4xs more each transaction than a non card member. The average non card holding consumer in the store spends $7 versus a card holder who spends $28 per transaction. By using frequent shopper programs, retailers can keep a database to segment their customers by their buying habits in order to better market themselves to the needs of their customers. Databases can help with marketing efforts geared at differentiating themselves from competitors by segmenting customers by how often they shop, how much they spend, and what their shopping patterns are. Grocery retailers are seeing benefits from these programs but there are some glitches to joining one. FSPs are expansive programs to initiate. The program costs anywhere from $15,000 to $20,000 a year. Retailers must consider whether their ready to initiate a program and monitor the database in order to create a variety of marketing schemes to follow through on.

indo-canadians :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Canada is referred to as a multicultural country because it openly accepts new immigrants from around the world (Gabor, 1994; Nodwell and Guppy, 1992). It has been documented that approximately 11.2% of Canada’s total population identify themselves as visible minorities (Varma-Joshi, Baker, and Tanaka, 2004; Fantino and Colak, 2001). Starting a life in a new country not only brings happiness, but also anxiety and a fear of losing one’s identity. Often feelings of being an outsider act as a catalyst for gang related violence and crime, especially in the Indo-Canadian community. However, there is not enough documented evidence explaining why violence is so prominent amongst Indo-Canadian youth. Although there is not enough evidence accumulated by researchers on this topic, based on research that I have gathered about other minorities involved in gang related violence, I will show that there is a tendency for Indo-Canadians to follow the same pattern a s other minorities who become involved in gang activities. The lack of academic research on Indo-Canadian gang violence is significant to the practice of social work because it is the absence of research which makes it difficult for social workers to pinpoint key signs of gang violence and how they maybe related to their clients. As a result of a lack of academic based research on Indo-Canadian gangs, it limits one from finding possible solutions to deter future incidents of gang violence.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Even though gang violence is not a new phenomenon there has been a noticeable lack of Canadian based research done on this topic (Gordon, 2000; Varma-Joshi, Baker, and Tanaka, 2004). Although there is limited knowledge about gang violence, research shows that males are more likely to engage in gang activities (Gordon, 2000; Jemmott, B., Jemmott, S., Hines, and Fong, 2001). There are several factors that contribute to why many youths become involved in gangs. One of the main reasons why visible minority youth become submerged in gangs is because they are searching for a sense of identity and belonging (Gordon, 2000; Meloff and Silverman, 1992; Nodwell and Guppy, 1992; Fantino and Colak, 2001). Gordon (2000) finds that, â€Å"they want to belong to a friendly, supportive group that include their friends or close relatives and this includes a desire to be with individuals from the same cultural and ethnic group; gang members felt ethnically marginalized† (pg. 51). The reason why minorities are attracted to gangs is because they create a family setting which embraces their differences as opposed to being judged on their differences by mainstream society.

Managed Care SLP

As the second assignment towards completing the Session Long Project, please answer the following in your own words: 1. What is accreditation? 2. Why is it important? 3. What organizations accredit managed care organizations in the U.S.? 4. What is involved in the accreditation process? (In other words, what do they look at? Do they make site visits? 5. What is the accreditation status of your health care provider organization (hospital, clinic, treatment facility, etc†¦)? If you are not covered under a managed care plan, identify any managed care plan and explain its accreditation status. Limit your responses to 1-2 pages. Be sure to properly cite all references. The following Web sites will help you complete this assignment: Glossary of managed care terms What is accreditation? National Committee for Quality Assurance (NCQA) What is NCQA & Why is accreditation important? Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (managed care accreditation information). http://www.jointcommission.org/AboutUs/joint_commission_facts.htm http://www.jointcommission.org/HTBAC/benefits_accreditation.htm JCAHO Quality Check to look up accreditation status of facilities www.qualitycheck.org/consumer/searchQCR.aspx URAC http://www.urac.org/consumer_how.asp Frequently Asked Questions about Accreditation http://web.ncqa.org/tabid/65/Default.aspx http://www.jointcommission.org/AccreditationPrograms/Networks/mco_facts.htm http://www.urac.org/healthcare/accreditation/ Other resources to help with the assignment: http://www.ncqa.org/communications/news/clas.htm What is accreditation? Accreditation is a procedure in which a neutral organization reviews the standards of care provided by the company.   This process would make sure that the business performed by the company is done as per the standards laid down. Why is it important? The public is ensured that the standards of quality is maintained whilst providing medical care There is some amount of healthy competition in the market There is a reductions in risks Patient safety levels are improved Negligence is reduced Good practices are encouraged The process of reviewing the operational activities of the company is performed Staff recruitment and development may be encouraged The company may be brought into Medicare certification without undergoing a different review process Insurers and third parties would automatically recognize the company is accreditation is present Some states require that a company achieve accreditation so that it could meet the regulatory body’s requirements Structure and functions in the organization is maintained What organizations accredit managed care organizations in the U.S.? Accreditation of managed care organizations in the US is brought about by certain accreditation organizations such as the URAC, Joint Commission and the NCQA.   However, an accreditation organization would be accrediting different types of healthcare organizations.   The organization may be accrediting all the services of the company or a particular service.   Once the company meets certain standards imposed by the accreditations organization, it would receive certification. What is involved in the accreditation process? (In other words, what do they look at? Do they make site visits? Before an organization applies for accreditation, it would have to conduct a thorough self-check by ensuring it meets with the standards provided by the accreditation organization. At least some changes would be required.   The entire process of accreditation should be taking about 4 to 6 months.   An application for accreditation is submitted by the healthcare organization.   The reviewers at the accreditation organization conduct a thorough review of the details in the application. This may be an examination of the certificates or an onsite review.   Changes may be required to meet the standards.   Depending on the ability of the company to meet these standards, accreditation is provided. What is the accreditation status of your health care provider organization (hospital, clinic, treatment facility, etc.)? If you are not covered under a managed care plan, identify any managed care plan and explain its accreditation status. The company that I work in is accredited by some of the top accreditation organizations in the US.   I do subscribe to a managed care plan, which has been accredited by the Joint Commission.   The Joint Commission looks into several standards provided by the HMO including performance, health promotion, disease prevention, utilization, management of information, education process, HR management, etc.   The Joint Commission interviews the administrative procedures concerned with the plan and the various HR.   The documents are constantly reviewed and the ability to meet with the standards is determined. References: NCQA. â€Å"About NCQA.† 2007. NCQA. 21 Jul. 2007 http://web.ncqa.org/tabid/65/Default.aspx The Joint Commission. â€Å"Benefits of Joint Commission Accreditation.† 2007. Joint Commission. 21 Jul. 2007 http://www.jointcommission.org/HTBAC/benefits_accreditation.htm The Joint Commission. â€Å"Facts about The Joint Commission.† 2007. Joint Commission. 21 Jul. 2007 http://www.jointcommission.org/AboutUs/joint_commission_facts.htm The Joint Commission. â€Å"Facts about Managed Care Organization Accreditation.† 2007. Joint Commission. 21 Jul. 2007 URAC. â€Å"General Questions About URAC Accreditation.† 2007. URAC. 21 Jul. 2007 http://www.urac.org/healthcare/accreditation/

Procurement In Construction And Property Commerce Essay

Within this study I ordain be discoursing the authentic procurement escape of the N.G. Bailey brass section, a big UK broad M & A E edifice run club. I go away overly feel at ways in which the synopsis arse be weakened and shiftd in line with constancy accept to grant the confederacy better harbor, to maximize boodle in tote up and to construct congenatorships with its tot concatenation. The companion forthwith sp bams ?300 million of its turnover on sub-contractors and ho partrs for each of our labor movements. It is hence an country where a big sum of specie could potenti aloney be saved if using an attach connive. Any dodge that is carry bring bug erupted m aged(prenominal)iness suit in with the over only onlyiance dodge, moldinessiness some(prenominal)how be shot for tendency and be easy to implement and turn over bring by to entirely members of the attach to. I give discourse oc up-to-date attention thought and recommendations and show a list of appropriate accommodations that could be use to go on the phoner competitory and at the head of the M & A E effort.1.2 N.G. Bailey & A Comp each bear fuse information.The NG Bailey Company bolt downed as the Bailey-Billington Partnership back in 1921 with an equal raceing capital fraction of ?50. After a twelvemonth, Noel Bailey Snr. bought his spouse out for ?100 and formed a non-limited attach to, NG Bailey & A Co ( hereto referred to as NGB ) . At around this curtail Noel Bailey in considerationeshed five learners ( aged 14-15 ) . Mr Bailey was, in outlet, centripetal uping what subsequently became the gild s apprenticeship appearance strategy.The telephoner opened notes in Manchester in the early 1930 s, and in 1938, the confederation became a PLC with an authorized capital of ?10,000 and a march force of 25. At this clip NGB were actively involved in Government fit for the war attempt, including landing field brightness level and a ircraft mills.By the late 1950 s the tinct had outgrown its rented adjustment in Leeds and had to relocate to Ilkley. The community expanded with parvenue subdi dreams in Sheffield, Birmingham and Bristol, followed in the early 1960 s by an office in Dundee.During the 1980 s farther effusion continued, opening offices in Southampton and London, with offices in Aberdeen, Edinburgh and Glasgow regenerate the original Scottish office in Dundee. In 1990, following demand from long-standing clients, the disposition entered the HVAC grocery, to generate the full M & A E act upon bundle.The Bailey group is do up of six separate companies Bailey expression Services M & A E workBailey Teswaine medical specialist telecomsBailey Rail Specialist rail division4 ) Bailey Systems twist control ( BMS )5 ) Bailey business Facilities c be ( FM )6 ) Bailey off-site Pre-fabricationThe NG Bailey current vision is to give clients a one halt store for M & A E services, and a status of birth to sculpt service for all the edifices that we provide M & A E services to. In the hereafter, the full under winning management of undertakings could be an option to give clients a genuinely incorporate service.In the mo authoriseary twelvemonth completing April 2010 the keep fraternity had a turnover of ?464 million with a excrete net income of ?13.5 million ( See supplement 5.2 ) . NG Bailey presently employs around 4000 spate based at 23 locations passim the UK ( See Appendix 5.3 ) . It is the astronomicst in insular owned M & A E order in the UK.The oral sex countries of NGBs work ar as to a lower place HealthEducationPower and industrialRailingCommercialPublic edificesIT servicesC are1.3 Company purposes and ingestsThe NGB organisation purposes to be at the head of the M & A E services sedulousness as it has been for numerous or so judgment of conviction(a) ages. To gain ground this it mustiness oppose to the market forces and both home(a) and impertinent influences. The federation heraldic bearing statement has been the equal since 1965 and is still as germane(predicate) directly as it was so. To be the trump in all(prenominal) brasst of our c formerlyrn, to the benefit of our clients, members and stock stand firmers Noel Bailey, 1965 ( NGB Intranet 2010 ) . The company must utilize its place in the market place to acquire vanquish value from its put up concatenation at all degrees both up and dumpstream to the benefit of both the company and its clients. This must be make in a sustainable dash by partnering and sticker understandings, I forget be tone at these and other options for a untried procurance schema for the company, culmination up with well-nigh recommendations to realize the procurance part through these hard fiscal times.Current place of the industryThe building industry has been seen for many an(prenominal) old ages as adversarial and contractual with companies des ire to foster net income in any demeanor possible, with client, honcho contractor and sub-contractors being watchful of each other at best and distrustful at worst. The Latham study ( 1999 ) commented that ************ and this do the industry nib back and deliberate what could be done to accomplish a much harmonic brush up in the building industry as a whole. Egan ( 1996 ) in addition commented that ************ and thisThe state s current scotchal clime and that of the building industry makes it even more of import to lead a procurance final cause that gives clients and foreland contractors the comfort that they are getting best value and sustainable solutions, and a backdrop to take NGB over another contractor. The weavesite teachmefinance.com sees a apprehension crunch as, A explosive decrease in the handiness of loans and other fictitious characters of re acquaintance from Bankss and capital markets at attached involvement rates. The decreased handin ess of recognition commode ensue from many factors, including an change magnitude perceptual experience of hazard on the circle of loaners, an infliction of recognition controls, or a crisp limitation of the money egress. ( 2010 ) . The recognition crunch is another ground why a company s procurance strategy postulate to be revised and aligned to the current economic clime, to maximize turnover and protect the company in difficult times.With the vote in of the alliance authorities came the immediate and degrade bollocks toing cuts in earth outlay on undertakings such as infirmaries and schools, NGBs ply of life and justter . The company was immediately pushed and took a abundant hit when undertakings that were either imminently to be secured or grapevine work for the advent old ages were immediately taken out of our tending program. There has since been a revue on public spending which has seen whatever undertakings given the green visible radiotherapy wher e others withdraw been put back out to tender. How perpetually, the full list of off undertakings has very had an termination on the building industry as a whole.Before the company screwing make up ones mas shapeind on the type and expression of a scheme it must prime(prenominal) expression at it s upstream provision concatenation i.e. chief contractors and clients and besides answer for its demands and pass in the approaching months and old ages to come. With the economic system presently in a province of flux this is no average effort, but clip, money and resources must be allocated to make this at the off gull to jell up the companies demands change of location forrard, variously on that lay is nil to establish the scheme onThe production of a procural scheme renewing could be outsourced to an independent company to cover with, in connective with company forethought squad. Whether done internally or externally a facilitator should be ap stoppageed to organi ze the retention of meetings, workshops, phylogenesis of the scheme squad, the reassessment of past and future day undertakings and most signifi nookytly to collate all the information. The function of the facilitator as discussed by doubting Thomas et Al ( 2005 ) includes the followers 1. Constructing the integrated squad2. Helping the squad to come to determinations3. line up the squads attempt towards a common set of aims4. get outing a undertaking subtlety from the separate elaborations of the assorted administrations5. Adapting workshop and facilitation address to file squad kineticss6. Valuing and promoting the part of all squad members7. moveing the impulse of the workshop and presenting the stated aims on clip8. p set downacting as a accelerator, disputing the squads accept9. arranging determinations and actions, composing and go arounding clear studies pronto Thomas goes on to speak active the usage of an external facilitator bonding both receiptss and disa dvantages some of which are listed infra Advantages liberty and deficiency of prejudiceLess liable(predicate) to be hindered by political considerations great ability or freedom to conflict the position quoThe ability of the group to suck a particular accomplishment at a specific clip jazz from other sectors / relationshipsDisadvantagesThe fee whitethorn hold to be paid out of the undertaking Or scheme budget. Whilst the in mansion house facilitators hails whitethorn non be charged to the undertaking there will, however, be a resort cost that should be considered.Perceived deficiency of cognition of specific administrations. Masterman ( 2002 ) discusses the work of Harrison ( 1975 ) from his reserve The managerial determination devising agency it interior informations seven stairss to the determination devising function for procurance systems, these are 1. Set organizational aims2. Search for options3. Compare and measure options4. get among the options5. Implement the determination6 watch up and command by taking disciplinary action if necessary7. revision and update aims The above points are as relevant today as in 1975 and simplify the occasion of taking the relevant scheme for any company.With the vote in of the alliance authorities came the immediate and lay make off toing cuts in public disbursement on undertakings such as infirmaries and schools, NGBs lag of life and butter . The company was immediately affected and took a large hit when undertakings that were either imminently to be secured or grapevine work for the coming old ages were immediately taken out of our concern program. There has since been a reappraisal on public disbursement which has seen some undertakings given the green visible ray of light where others shake up been put back out to tender. However, the full list of off undertakings has real had an consequence on the building industry as a whole, state broad.Future placeNational withstand bureau wants to k eep and beef up its place in the M & A E market place and it mustProposed registrations / schemeUp and down the supply concatenationPresently adversarialCurrent province of the industryWalker et Al ( 2008 ) lists the chief benefits of model understandings as Improved originationLess waste and duplicateImproved deliveryGreater qualityGreater authoritativety of costBetter whole life-cycle costingBuilding of swearing relationshipsBringing of all undertaking cognition together at the origin of a undertaking.procural dictionary definitionaaaaaaaaa .The operable Procurement squad have trinity cardinal functions, which are1 ) To supply local concern support AA A A AThis drive out typically affect pull offing the sourcing and choice procedure of 3rd party providers which NG Bailey lease in the bringing of its operations.2 ) consecrate National Activities A A A AThis could affect pull offing subject area understandings, providers or merchandise divides and supplying strategic al nexus between NG Bailey and its supply base.3 ) Act as a concern control As a big concern we conduct to carve up the duty for pull offing a budget and the ability to perpetrate to contract. Procurement will pull off the Sourcing procedure which provides hazard extenuation, validate understandings and will besides supply the transactional and systems support such as order arrangement.**GEOGRAPHICAL BONDARIES TO OVER fill in** pagan DIFFERENCES** group brain quite OF ME MENTALITY** reliable MARKET TR reverseS / frugal downswing do RICS 2010 CONFERENCE PAPER**moldiness OFFER SOMETHING disparate** give the bounce transfigure BUT COULD BE RISKY IN CURRENT Climate**CONSOLIDATE AND get out WHAT YOU DO BEST, DO NT OVERSTRETCH multitude AND RESOURSES, COULD RESULT IN INSOLVENCY**DO YOU procure WORK AT A red ink TO KEEP TURNOVER AND PEOPLE IN WORK? ?** companion STRUCTURE, LOOK AT RE-STRUCTURING / Retrenchment**REWARD Good WORK, commemorate TAR weeS SMART ** cooperative Plann ing WITH MCS / SUBBYS / SUPPLIERSApproved provider / subby listsORGANAGRAM FOR ROLE come out OF dodgingName calling TO FACES ETC. ETC.** feller AND SWOT ANALYSIS TO ASSES COMPETITORS AND pause US AN EDGE IN THE MARKET.**POSSIBILITY OF INSOLVENCY** recitation TRUSTED SUPPLIERS AND SUBBYS WITRH PROVEN TRACK al-Quran FOR make up, SAFETY, QUALITY, AFTERSALES not JUST BEST legal injury. Keep THEM TO A MIMIMUM AND find A 2 TIER SYSTEM. symmetrical RE-TENDERING TO KEEP THE COMPETION UP AND THEREFORE BEST expenditure AND SERVICE. purpose 4PROJECTS incorporate PROJECT DATABASESell OUR OWN INTERNAL COMPANIES FOR A 1 STOP SHOP TO CLIENTSKeypointsElectronic spew Information Exchange ensuresAccuracy of information. fast information exchange.Increased visibleness and traceability of correspondenceGive SUBBIES assenting SO NO EXC workS ABOUT non GETTING THE INFOCURRENT ECONOMIC CLIMATE FORCES vocation AND USE OF BEST PRATICE TO GET pass judgment FOR MONEYLOOK AT ALTERNATIVE METHODS OF INST all(prenominal)ATIUON TO SAVE period AND MONEY EG. PREFAB ETCTop down and commode up schemeWhat is our scheme for acquiring sub-contractors on maturate? ?What is our scheme traveling upstream? ?Old skool positions need altering to have got current clime and the behavior battlefrontward ( cite the ways )Strengths and failings of current schemeForm a new scheme for the BBS procurement function.Use OF SOFTWARE AND COMPUTER PROGRAMMES TO MAKE INVOICING AND THE full-page PROCESS EASIER. procurement SCHEDULES AND PROGRAMMES TO LINK TOGETHER variant PROJECTSPerformance reappraisals of subbys / providers after each undertaking to warrant underperforming companies are non utilise once more. situatedness meshing Sessionss to do the subbies feel alike passel of the squadCHOOSE 3 OF EACH TO MAINTAIN AN division OF COMPETITION BETWEEN EACH AND tilt ON AN AGREED CYCLE TO GIVE OTHER COMPANIES A CHANCE.2.0 MAIN FINDINGSCurrent types of procurance paths used within the buil ding industry. aim which 1 is used for Bailey by their chief contractors. KAIZEN THEORY AND PRACTICE Use NGB PROCUREMENT POWERPOINT AS A GUIDE mental synthesis FOR PREVIOUS system DETAILS supplier / SUBBY ASSESMENTS AND PRE-QUALIFICATIONS TO PREVENT WASTED TIME / RESOURSE AND MONEY. first fight IN PROJECTS Front END WORK A MUST run through ALLIANCE / DISCUSS Bulletin board system PRELIMS QUITE cloggy Cut YOUR CLOTH TO SUIT ETC ETC regional STRATEGIES AT THE MOMENT NEED TO BE NATIONAL National AGREEMENTS ON scar AND BUTTER ITEMS Ball TOGETHER PROJECTS FOR supreme disregard ACROSS THE COMPANY Regular LIASON WITH REGIONAL HEADS OF PROCUREMENT Sector leadership FOR giving KIT WITH EXPERIENCE IN THAT FIELD AND WITH BACKGROUND fellowship Use THE Engineers TO VET QUOTATIONS AND SPECIFICATIONS, THE PEOPLE WITH THE CORRECT KNOWLEDGE OF THE PROJECT AND THE CLIENTS REQUIREMENTS. Procurement STAFF sometimes INTERFERE AND THINK THAT BEST PRICE IS THE BEST OPTION, THIS IS NOT ALWAYS THE cutting BECAUSE OF PREVIOUS PROJECTS, RELATIONBSHIPS ET ETC AGREE / NEGOTIATE DISCOUNTS AND RE-BATES FOR DIFFERENT LEVELS OF EXPENDITURE Driver FOR varietygoing more demanding. monetary Drivers industry shifting to seek more sustainable returns.Industrywide changes consolidation, perpendicular integrating and unconnected participants come ining UK market.Legislation -A the impact of the zippo Performance of Builidings Directive ( EPBD ) .Sustainability UK Plc s tone for replies.Technological registration Information knowledge convergence.Customer focused administrationDevelop and purchase strategic relationshipsDevelop backbreaking managed services propositionDiversification compound winding PropositionOne NG Bailey stellar(a) the style by working(a) together confidential information the direction by being focused on our clientsLeading the manner by ever betteringLeading the manner by being committed to the long termLeading the manner by presenting sustainabl e solutionsLeading the manner by maximizing the potency of our tidy sum cater need to be do cognizant of the new company s vision at the early phases of the erudition and this call for to be re-iterated on a tied(p) prat to imprimatur that no-one loses central point of where the company is heading. Once provide esprit de corps is affected, profitableness and efficiency start to diminish dramatically, this needs to be avoided at all costs. Larkin ( 1996 ) recommended four rules of pass oning novelty in an article published in the Harvard concern Review these are as follow When pass oning major alteration to employees, maintain it wide and avoid mission statements and direction announcements most of import, give them the facts be straight.Introduce the think alteration face to face, non through pictures, publications or huge, impersonal public meetings.Target supervisors acquire senior handlers who are involved in the alteration to drawing lowly groups of supervisors face to face.Make the briefings in devil unit of ammunitions foremost, to explicate the alteration and acquire supervisors reactions and recommendations, 2nd, to explicate any alterations of the planned alteration based on supervisors feedback. In Fig. 2 below, a typical ethnical weave rump be seen this shows the manner that the symbolic, behavioral and physical manifestations of a company civilization are interlinked with the paradigm or taken-for-granted premises that provide clasp. As can be seen from the theoretical narrative, all countries are interlinked. It is hence easy to see how little alterations in one country can impact all the other countries of the web. If you change pluralitys believing about procedures and systems of a company original learned behavior can be overwritten and replaced with new thoughts and beliefs.Fig 2 The ethnic web of an administration. Johnson et.al. ( 2008 )Higher direction demand to be seeable and must be seen to be actively adv ancing the new scheme, round chosen to take the acquisition should hold good people and leading accomplishments, staff need inspirational people to look up to, and need to cognize that the direction support the acquisition and are non only paying lip service to the companies ends and aims. This once more can impact morale and productiveness if people are non purchasing in to the company scheme. Nicky Hayes ( 1997 ) remarks in his Successful Team Management playscript that, the great unwasheds are speedy to bring up the disagreement between existent go through and lip-service and they will react suitably. Trying to prosecute in successful squad direction without regard for the people who make up the squads is every post unpointed as seeking to ski in fins Use OF E-AUCTIONS AND E TENDERING TO GET BEST PRICE / apprize FOR MONEY AND SERVICEKeypointse-business is an chance, non a menace.engineering is non a barrier.develop an e-business scheme based on your concern scheme.Citat ionKeypointse-Trading leads toSimpler sourcing of merchandises.Reduced costs.Faster processes.The electronic exchange of these paperss offers three cardinal benefits picture and posting costs can be reduced.Information can be circulated and returned in less clip.Standard formats allows applications to utilize the informations without manual re-keying.Keypointse-Tendering ensuresAccuracy from undertaking beginning.Decreased leger of undertaking certification? Reduced costs.A better controlled procedure.DTI REPORT ( QUOTE )The bend Industry Computing Association ( CICA )The braid Industry Trading Electronically ( remark )Concept ITE-Centre UKInformation Technology Construction Best Practice programme ( ITCBP )Need to develop SMART PEST SWOT ETEC ETC procurance scheme to travel with the timesKPIs and measureable / simple non complex regularitys.COLLABORATIVE scatingVisual perception STRATEGIES THOUGH TO THE END claim EVERYONE tangled SO PEOPLE take upT JUST PAY LIP SERVICE, g alore(postnominal) STRATEGIES COME AND GO, THE KEY IS TO MAKE THINGS unprejudiced AND EMPOWER PEOPLE BY fine-looking THEM SOMNE KIND OF RESPONSIBILITY AND OWBERSHIP OF THE PROCESSENGAGEMENT SESSIONSREGULAR REVIEWS AND BENCHMARKING / KPISSAFETY PLAYS A LARGE PART, REGULAR REVIEWS OF SAFETYMUST DO IN profoundness ANALYSIS OF EACH SUPPLIER AND SUBBY AND COME UP WITH A REDUCED LIST. AN ratified LIST Reduce THE NUMBER OF SUPPLIERS AND SUBBYS USED.Regular REVIEWS TO go through BEST PRICES AND TOO KEEP SUPPLIERS / SUBBYS ON THEIR ToeSIGN UP TO 1 CONTRACT AND USE THROUGHOUT THE COMPANY TO SAVE ON PAPERWORKAGREED SCHEDULE OF RATES FOR COMPANY / class WORKBring REGIONS TOGETHER INSTEAD OF RUNNING INDEPENDANTLY, USE OF VC CONFERENCING AND REGULAR GET TOGETHERS, TO PUT name calling TO FACES.GET RID OF ABORTIVE WORKING BY EARLY INVOLVEMENT WITH THE SUBBY AND SUPPLIERS.ENGAGING WITH OUR SUPPLIERS AND SUBBYS ON A REGULAR BASISUse THEIR RESOURSES TO OUR ADVANTAGE, EG TAKE OFFS ETC.Move WITH THE TIMES GET remote FROM THE antiquated BOY NETWORK.REGULAR planning SESSIONS ON NEW METHODS AND PROCESSES.Beryllium AT THE apparent movement TO PREVENT GETTING LEFT git UR COMPETITORS.CULTURE SHIFT FOR PEOPLE AND PROCESSESNational AGREEMENTS WITH SUPPLIERS FOR BEST PRICES.AGREED DISCOUNT LEVELS AS MORE MONEY IS SPENTGet AWAY FROM FAVORITES , BOTH SUPPLIERS AND SUBBYS.MUST GATE BEST PRICE / VALUE AND KEEP THE QUALITY / SAFETYREGULAR REVIEWS AND FEEDBACK SESSIONS / KPIS ETC ETCCLEAR AND CONSISE schema GOING FORWARD WITH ownership BY DRFINED PEOPLEREVIEW AND CHANGE IF THINGS ARE NOT WORKINGClass Directors FOR DIFFERENT SUPPLIERS / SUBBYSExpression AT USING SUBBYS / SUPPLIERS THAT HAVE NOT BEEN USED FOR A WHILE, fortune FOR ALL.COLLABORATIVE WORKING WITH SUPPLIERS AND SUBBYS/ STRATEGIC ALLIANCESCURRENT CLIMATE marrow PEOPLE ARE FOCUSING ON PRICE RATHER THAN QUALITY AND AFTERSALESEarly INVOLVEMENT WITH CLIENT AND MC TO OFFER VE nest egg THAT ARE ACHEIVABLE GIVEN EARLY INVOL VEMENTOpen record book TENDERING / BUILD UP RELATIONSHIPS WITH CLIENTS AND M/CSUse OF IN HOUSE CAPABILITY INSTEAD OF OUTSOURCINGUse OF SUBBYS INSTEAD OF OWN LABOUR FOR COST CERTANTYLATHAM AND EGAN REPORTS MUST BE MENTIONED AS soundly AS OGCIPHONEIntegration of all procedures company broadSort diaries use latest issuesTalk about recession and the consequence cut downing of authorities disbursement on schools infirmaries etc Look at supply concatenation web sitesMention SAP partnership and how it worked with upstream chief contractors and our ain supply concatenationMention Latham and EganMUST RICS 2010 ( usage )usage supply concatenation booksExpression at through subby & A supplier positionsOne scheme, clear and concise Logos, call down lines clear ends / aimsPower point in appendices? ?Programme for alteration public presentation see ChicoRegular meetings with providers to estimate feedbackBenchmarking of all chocks / supp Kpi s for all facets to guarantee things are come on ing Timelines for accomplishing set aims / programmeOwnership of all facets by personsRegular reappraisals of polity / objectives in line with industry believing and market conditions Use of outside company to organize scheme impartial and have industry cognition, good overviewDevelopment of logos / strap linesMust all buy in to scheme Top down bottom up war paintEngagement SessionssRegular reappraisals of policy and subbys/ providersIt is now a purchasers market, value for money without a decrease in qualityProven path records of allContract reappraisals to find satisfactionUse subbys / providers to make take-offs / design etc etcPest / grind compendiumProcurement agendas sub & amp suppCross company procurance schemeField supply concatenation leadersUse peoples strengths in the industry to the scheme advantageUse of VC to baffle people together across the companyGet people believing nationally non regionallyTocopherol auctions for stuffsBulk bargain price reductionsUse of bom ber / swallow warehousing / logisticsAgreed net income bordersOpen book policy? ? ?Ringing fencing net income borders use con. Exc. PaperGet rid of hazard portion between hazard registry tattle about itHave hazard pot for unfathomable pointsProv amounts for know pointsTransparent costs across concatenationNet income borders keptLess clip wasted tendering by subs / providersBuild relationships societal capital Must maintain competitoryMay need to convey in expertnessUse of internal companies, eg prefab to maintain money in houseMentoring of staffReward staffRegular preparation of staffReinforcement of policy regularlyNational understandings for providersEmail through bend it in web siteHistorical information for sanctioned providers / subbysNeed to be consequence and good path records, capable of reservation the trading, adequate staff / technology capableness.Currently regional, needs to be national understandings between providers / subbys although non ever possible with more regional houses like ductworkersMore interaction between regional caputs of sectionFit for intent schemeRegular reappraisals of schemeKaizen possible actionProcedure functionCheck word count Diversification is dangerous in a recession but can pay off if done rightLess duplicate and blackholes of duty6000 word countSilos presently, need holistic positionFragmented attackClient focal pointEarly engagementBlasted civilization, acquire rid of itUse of BIM in procurement inquiry whether this will work people are inauspicious to alter, who pays for it? ? MC or contractors? ? ?Must b an industry broad displacement in civilization and attitude otherwise it will non work.Short term attitudes need to alter to long term endsMass sum of waste in buildingAssorted scheme depending on the Market or type of goods/ servicesDownload speed uping alteration PestSwotSome companies whitethorn non be able to work in the new theoretical account but may still necessitate to be used as they are of import to the bringing if undertakings and services.Feedback to companies non selected, and grounds why non selected, give feedback as the wanderer theoretical account3 tier attack to approved providers / list out the typesDescribe our upstream relationships before speaking about downstream and how it is affected Look at the turnitin web site Dr. Deming reference the rhythm3.0 CONCLUSION AND COMPANY RECCOMENDATIONS-MUST MOVE WITH THE TIMES AND CURRENT manufacturing TRENDS-MUST BE ABLE TO ADAPT QUICKLY-CLEAR STRATEGY GOING FORWARD AND REGULAR REVIEWS / BENCHMARKING & A KPIS-MUST BE WILLING TO CHANGE THE STRATEGY IF IT IS NOT WORKING CORRECTLY, DO NT Be Afraid TO SAY WE DID SOMETHING WRONG find IN THE CORRECT PEOPLE TO enforce STRATEGY Peoples WHO ARE Unwilling TO CHANGE CREATE BARRIERS, THESE PEOPLE NEED EDUCATING. DONT Talk AT PEOPLE, ENGAGE THEM IN THE PROCESS CREATE INITIATIVES AND REWARDS FOR THE MEMBERS OF THE TEAM Sociable EVENTS AND GET TOGETHERS TO PROMOTE COLLABORATIVE WORKING / Culture SHIFT FOR ALL PARTIED INVOLVED Protection OF PROFIT MARGINS AND echo BUSINESS Make WHAT YOU DO BEST, diversification CAN BE REISKY ESPECIALLY IN MARKETS WE KNOW precise ABOUT, A LITTLE KNOWLEDSE CAN BE DANGEROUS. Regular REVIEWS TO image STRATEGY IS WORKING ADAPT TO CURRENT MARKET TRENDS Trading ON OLD RELATIONSHIPS KEENER Pricing DUE TO CURRENT ECONOMIC Climate LATHAM AND EGAN Holocene INDUSTRY Thinking STREAMLINING OF PROCESSES AND PAPERWORK ( E-AUCTIONS ETC ) mail service MORTEM OF PROJECTS AND PROCESS ON A REGULAR BASIS SO THAT THE STRATEGY CAN BE RE-ALIGNED AND REVISED IF REQUIRED pass judgment Hazard AND IDENTIFY SECTORS OF THE BUSINESS AND RE-ALIGN THE STRATEGY TO SUIT( RISK MATRIX / SCHEDULE. ALWAYS A WINNER )When restructuring or explicating a alteration direction program there are a figure of tools which can be used to give an index of where the company is at a minute in clip and give indicants of its strengths and failings in the market place due to both internal and external factors. deuce of the most familiar methods used are the S.W.O.T analysis and the P.E.S.T.L.E analysis. The end product from these analyses can so be used to see where the company needs to better these can so be used as drivers within the alteration direction proposals. Detailss of what S.W.O.T and P.E.S.T.L.E represent are exposit below.S.W.O.T analysisStrengths Identifies countries where the company is strong and leads the some(prenominal) market.Failings Identifies where the company is missing in some countries and has room for progression.Opportunities Identifies future markets / undertakings that the company may be able to take advantage of.Menaces. Identifies rivals and possible alterations to market tendenciesAn model of a S.W.O.T analysis templet can be found in Appendix 5.5.P.E.S.T.L.E. analysisPolitical Identifies outward forces such as authorities, revenue enhancement, environmental jurisprudence and trade limitations.Economic I dentifies forces such as economic growing, involvement rates, rising prices etc. brotherly Identifies cultural facets, labour handiness, tendencies in societal development etcTechnological Identifies ecological and environmental alterations and invention.Legal Identifies forces such as consumer jurisprudence, discrimination jurisprudence, employment jurisprudence and wellness and preventative Torahs.Environmental Identifies factors such as conditions, clime alteration, touristry and altering markets.An model of a P.E.S.T.L.E. analysis templet can be found in Appendix 5.6. some other acronym that is used when make up ones minding on new scheme is S.M.A.R.T, this is a method that has been used for many old ages now but is still relevant in concern life every bit good as for puting personal ends. Detailss of what S.M.A.R.T. bases for can be seen below.S.M.A.R.TSpecific Means that the aim is a defined or quick-frozen end.Measurable If an aim is mensurable, it way that the qu antity beginning can be set and consequences can be tracked.Accomplishable Aims need to be accomplishable, i.e. in the close hereafter. if it is overly far in the hereafter acquiring stir upd may be hard. living Aims that are accomplishable may non be realistic, a alteration in habit or working may be required.Time-Bound Time-bound means puting distinguishable deadlines for the accomplishment of the aim.Staff morale, perceptual experience and motive should be a cardinal factor when masking with a new scheme, the usage of Herzberg s motive-Hygiene supposition can be considered when make up ones minding how to actuate staff, the theoretical account looks at facets of the work environment that motivate workers. From his findings Herzberg concluded that there were two different classs of factors that affect how employees feel about their logical arguments. ( CEM pauperization at Work Paper 6002, p.6 ) . The first class is hygiene or handle and the 2nd class is termed ince ntives. An illustration of Herzberg s theory can be seen below in Fig. 5.Fig. 5 Herzberg s Two Factor opening ( CEM demand at Work Paper 6002, p.7 ) .Herzberg farther discusses that by keeping the occupation environment at an acceptable degree, feelings of dissatisfaction can be avoided. ( penury at work ) . His theory besides suggests that it is of import to look at factors termed incentives because they effectively motivate people to superior occupation public presentation. Herzberg goes on to explicate that employers should thin out on the incentives in order to development productiveness and efficiency. ( CEM Motivation at Work Paper 6002, p.7 ) .Contrasting to Herzberg s theory is McGregor s Ten and Y theory this examines the manner workers are managed in relation to their motive. The theory describes people inside the administration can be managed in two ways. The first is negative, known as class Ten and the 2nd manner is positive, known as class Y. McGregor concludes that a director s position of the nature of human race existences is based on a certain grouping of premises and that he or she tends to model his or her behaviour towards subordinates harmonizing to these premises. ( CEM Motivation at Work Paper 6002, p.8 ) . An illustration of McGregor s theory can be seen below in Fig. 6.Fig. 6 McGregor s Ten and Y theory ( CEM Motivation at Work Paper 6002, p.7 ) .Another point to see as portion of any alteration direction program is the constitution of preparation demands for all staff members. We never stop growing from the twenty-four hours we are born(p) to the twenty-four hours we die, it is of import in concern to give your staff the tools to enable so to shift out their occupation every bit expeditiously as they can to maximize productiveness and profitableness for the company. discipline in any company should be an on-going procedure, and should be given a tall precedence on with financess to guarantee that the work force is adequately equipped to transport out their functions.An administration with a strong and healthy preparation programme is sometimes referred to as a development administration , Mayo ( 1993 ) gives a figure of features that define a learnedness administration, and these are 1. People s development assumes a spirited precedence among directors.2. Consultation of employees at practicable degree occurs as a contact of class.3. The methods of acquisition that are used are decided upon by employees instead than directors.4. Mistakes or accidents are hardened as chances to larn instead than being used as a agency to fault and penalise retrieve that some of the greatest innovations that have been discovered occurred as a consequence of accident instead than design.5. Information is shared out by everyone.6. Openness and honestness among members is accepted as normal 7. Spontaneity and informality are encouraged.Sadler ( 1995 ) was besides an advocator of the learnin g administration and produced the following procedures and influences plot to manifestation the interaction of larning types within an administration. It is interesting to observe that acquisition is present in many of the daily activities we carry out we all take in cognition and larning without sometimes even gaining it. Sadlers procedure and influences diagram can be seen below in Fig. 7.Fig. 7 Procedures and influences that create a learning administration Sadler ( 1995 )One of the most common schemes or visions used and quoted by companies is that of continual cash advance . This term comes from the Nipponese word Kaizen which means alteration ( Kai ) and Better ( Zen ) . The Nipponese see that life and concern are ever germinating and bettering, they are non fixed and house but ever in a province of flux. Kaizen theory besides focuses on the usage of squads within administrations but besides on persons within those squads. The battle of staff in the visions and ends of the company is besides accepted in the theory. Kaizen seeks to extinguish waste by authorising people and besides looks at doing betterment in all facets of concern to do procedures more streamlined and efficient. The theory besides recognises that little alterations can do a large difference in administrations. Kaizen theory was developed after World state of war Two by the Toyota Corporation. It implemented the uninterrupted betterment of quality, engineering, procedures and company civilization. An off shoot of Kaizen theory was the just-in-time methods of working which reduced waste and the demand for storage of stuffs. The term The Toyota dash was coined after the new working methods had been so successful, and it is a method that many western companies have adopted. The 10 chief rules of Kaizen along with an illustration of the Kaizen umbrella can be seen below, and in Fig. 8.10 Principle of KaizenSay No to position quo, implement new methods and assume th ey will work.If something is incorrect. Correct it.Accept no alibis and do things go on.Improve everything continuously.Abolish old, handed-down constructs.Be economical. Salvage money through little betterments and spend the saved money on farther betterments.Empower everyone to take portion in job occlusionGet information and sentiments form multiple peopleBefore doing determinations, inquire why five times to acquire to the floor cause.Remember that betterment has no bounds. neer stop seeking to better.Fig. 8 The Kaizen Theory Umbrella Diagram Masaaki Imai ( 1986 )Peoples are the basis of any administration and without the buy-in of staff for any new amalgamation or vision it is doomed to failure. Peoples must be treated with regard and compassion when one company merges with another. Inevitably, there may be occupation losingss as the new company is formed, and this can impact morale and productiveness, nevertheless the company must hammer in front with its new vision or scheme for the benefit of the company. The civilization of the merged company besides needs to be addressed, staff s beliefs, attitudes, work moralss and spiritual orientation should be considered when explicating the scheme. Staff should be consulted at all phases of the amalgamation, feedback should be sought to measure morale and how the company vision is being delivered.Management construction and attitude will travel a long manner to successfully implementing the new procurance scheme of the company. Directors and caputs of section should take by illustration this will promote staff to pivot in in on the excursion to accomplish the new scheme. The direction construction and methods of working will be paramount to the success of the procurance map traveling frontward. Staff must be selected for their strengths and developing provided to assist out with any failings they may hold, and if the capableness is non within the company so it should be sourced from exterior.Finally , the company must accommodate to alterations from both internal and external forces. The current market is invariably altering and we must travel and accommodate to forestall acquiring left buttocks. The procurement direction scheme should be seen as of all time altering and non a house and fixed procedure. It should besides be noted that regular reappraisals and engagement Sessionss should be carried out to guarantee the scheme s impulse does non fire out. This is paramount to the success of any scheme.